By name: playwright-nhs-e2e description: 'Playwright E2E patterns for NHS user journeys — Page Object Model, accessibility, NHS Design System. Language follows tech-stack.instructions.md.'
Playwright NHS E2E Testing — Skill
Patterns and rules for Playwright browser tests that verify NHS user journeys. Check tech-stack.instructions.md for the E2E testing language and framework — generate all code in that language.
Dependencies
Installed during scaffold. Use the Playwright test runner and axe-core accessibility library for the stack's language. Always run playwright install --with-deps chromium.
Directory Structure
tests/e2e/
├── pages/ # Page Objects (one per route)
├── journeys/ # One test file per user journey
├── screenshots/ # Visual QA evidence (gitignored)
└── accessibility/ # Full-site axe audit
Add shared fixtures/config as appropriate for the test framework (e.g. conftest.py, playwright.config.ts). Set base URL to the local frontend dev server.
Page Object Model
One class per page/route in tests/e2e/pages/. Tests call Page Object methods — never raw selectors. Each Page Object exposes navigation and interaction methods.
Accessibility
Run axe-core on every page the test visits — zero violations allowed. Also verify: keyboard Tab order, screen reader landmarks (<main>, <nav>, <header>, <footer>), form labels, and NHS error summary on validation failure.
Selectors
Role-based only: get_by_role, get_by_label, get_by_text. Never CSS or XPath.
NHS Page Patterns
| Pattern | Key assertions |
|---|---|
| Start page | NHS header, service name <h1>, "Start now" button |
| Question pages | One question per page, back link, continue button |
| Check answers | Summary list with "Change" links |
| Confirmation | Panel with reference number |
| Error pages | Error summary at top, inline field errors, focus moves to summary |
| Data display | Assert expected data values appear in page text — do not rely on element visibility alone |
| Success pages | Assert error summary component is NOT present |
| Summary list / data table | Assert every value cell is non-empty |
Consuming User Journeys
One test file per journey. Derive tests from:
- Journey Main Flow table (
discovery/user_journeys/data/) — digital touchpoint rows → test steps - Decision Points → separate test functions or parametrised cases
- ADR (
docs/adr/) — concrete routes, endpoints, data models - User stories (
user_stories/story-*.md) — acceptance criteria → assertions
The journey gives the sequence; ADR and stories give implementation detail.
Screenshots
Save screenshots on failure and at key journey milestones. Store in tests/e2e/screenshots/. Capture at minimum: start page, each form submission result, confirmation page, and error states.
Rules
- One test file per journey, one Page Object per page
- axe check on every page navigation — no exceptions
- Role-based selectors only
- Must work headless in CI (Chromium)
- Synthetic NHS data only (NHS number
943 476 5919) - Never mix E2E and unit tests