name: binding-kinetics description: Use when analyzing or predicting drug-target binding kinetics: kon, koff, KD, residence time, SPR data fitting (Langmuir/two-state), ITC thermodynamics, tau-RAMD and funnel metadynamics for unbinding, or kinetic QSAR models.
Binding Kinetics
Purpose
Analyze, predict, and optimize drug-target binding kinetics: on-rates (kon), off-rates (koff), residence time (RT = 1/koff), thermodynamic signatures (ΔH/ΔS), and structure-kinetics relationships (SKR).
When to Use This Skill
- Analyzing SPR sensorgrams (Biacore/Sierra)
- Fitting ITC thermograms for ΔH/ΔS/ΔG
- Computing residence time from MD simulations (τRAMD, metadynamics)
- Building QSAR models for koff/kon
- Interpreting kinetic selectivity vs equilibrium selectivity
- Prioritizing compounds by residence time, not just KD
Reference Files
| File | Content |
|---|---|
references/kinetics-theory.md |
kon/koff/KD/RT definitions, kinetic selectivity, two-state binding, conformational selection vs induced fit, thermodynamic signatures |
references/spr-analysis.md |
SPR sensorgrams, 1:1 Langmuir fitting, two-state model, Rmax/Rtheor, bulk correction, Biacore data parsing, Python fitting |
references/itc-analysis.md |
ITC thermogram integration, n/KD/ΔH/ΔS/ΔG fitting, SEDPHAT equivalents in Python, van't Hoff, enthalpy-entropy compensation |
references/residence-time-md.md |
τRAMD (random acceleration MD), funnel metadynamics, WTmetaD koff estimation, HTMD τRAMD Python, unbinding pathway analysis |
references/kinetic-qsar.md |
Structure-kinetics relationships (SKR), features for koff/kon models, kinetic maps (LE vs kinetic efficiency), koff cliff detection |
Quick Routing
"Fit my SPR data" → spr-analysis.md
"Fit my ITC experiment" → itc-analysis.md
"Compute residence time from MD" → residence-time-md.md
"Build a model to predict koff" → kinetic-qsar.md
"Why does my drug work despite poor KD?" → kinetics-theory.md
Key Relationships
# Core kinetic relationships
KD = koff / kon # M (equilibrium dissociation constant)
pKD = -log10(KD) # analogous to pIC50
RT = 1 / koff # seconds (residence time)
t_half = ln(2) / koff # seconds (half-life of complex)
# Thermodynamics
ΔG = RT_gas * ln(KD) # kcal/mol (RT_gas = 0.592 at 298K)
ΔG = ΔH - T*ΔS # enthalpy-entropy decomposition
# Typical drug ranges
# kon: 10^4 – 10^7 M^-1 s^-1
# koff: 10^-5 – 10^-1 s^-1
# KD: nM – µM
# RT: 10 s – 10^5 s (hours)
Integration with ALKYL Skills
- Docking poses for kinetic path analysis:
dockingskill - MD trajectories for τRAMD:
force-fieldsskill + MDAnalysis - SKR feature computation:
chem_props.py,chem_analyze.py - MMPA for koff SAR:
mmpaskill - Uncertainty in kinetic predictions:
uncertainty-qsarskill