mbse-quantum-network-architecture

name: mbse-quantum-network-architecture category: quantum-systems description: Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) methodology for evolving quantum network architectures. Uses Orthogonal Variability Modeling (OVM) and SysML for traceable, modular quantum system design. created: 2026-06-04 source: arXiv:2508.15733 tags: [quantum, MBSE, systems-engineering, network-architecture, QKD, SysML]

MBSE for Quantum Network Architecture

Background

Engineering quantum systems (sensors, computing, timing, communication) requires integrating quantum devices into existing classical infrastructure. Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) addresses the growing complexity of quantum-secure telecommunications and quantum network evolution.

Key Methodology

Orthogonal Variability Modeling (OVM)

• Separate core architecture from variable features
• Model mandatory vs optional components independently
• Track variability decisions through the system lifecycle
• Enable modular reuse across different quantum network proposals

SysML Integration

• Use Systems Modeling Language for structural and behavioral modeling
• Create traceable artifacts linking requirements to design
• Model interfaces between quantum and classical subsystems
• Support simulation and validation of architecture choices

Variability-Driven Framework

1. Identify Stakeholder Expectations — Performance, security, cost, scalability
2. Model Core Architecture — Essential components common to all QKD network variants
3. Define Variability Points — Where architectures diverge (protocol, topology, hardware)
4. Create Traceable Variants — Each variant is a composition of core + selected options
5. Evolve with Expectations — Update models as stakeholder needs change

Application Steps

1. Start with OVM to identify mandatory and optional features of your quantum system
2. Model the system architecture in SysML with clear quantum/classical boundaries
3. Create variability models for each architectural decision point
4. Maintain traceability from requirements → architecture → implementation
5. Use models to evaluate integration challenges before building

Pitfalls

• Treating quantum and classical subsystems as monolithic blocks — model interfaces explicitly
• Ignoring variability management — architectures evolve rapidly in quantum field
• Building without traceable requirements — leads to rework when specifications change
• Not modeling stakeholder expectations as first-class artifacts

Verification

• All architectural decisions should be traceable to stakeholder requirements
• Each variant should be derivable from the core + variability model
• Interface specifications between quantum/classical components must be complete
• Model should support answering "what-if" questions about architecture changes

Activation

MBSE, quantum network, QKD, systems modeling, SysML, OVM, variability modeling, quantum architecture, traceability, stakeholder requirements