neqsim-production-optimization

name: neqsim-production-optimization description: "Production optimization, bottleneck analysis, decline modeling, and IOR/EOR screening with NeqSim. USE WHEN: optimizing production rates, identifying facility bottlenecks, forecasting production profiles, analyzing gas lift allocation, evaluating IOR/EOR options, or running multi-scenario production comparisons." last_verified: "2026-07-04"

NeqSim Production Optimization Skill

Reference for production forecasting, optimization, bottleneck analysis, and improved recovery using NeqSim's field development and process simulation tools.

Production Profile Modeling

Decline Curve Types

Production Profile Generation

ProductionProfile profile = new ProductionProfile();

// Method 1: Arps decline
profile.setDeclineModel(ProductionProfile.DeclineModel.EXPONENTIAL);
profile.setPeakRate(25000.0);         // boe/d
profile.setDeclineRate(0.15);         // 15% per year (Di)
profile.setPlateauDuration(3);        // years at peak
profile.setProjectLife(25);           // total years
double[] rates = profile.generateProfile();

// Method 2: Hyperbolic with b-factor
profile.setDeclineModel(ProductionProfile.DeclineModel.HYPERBOLIC);
profile.setHyperbolicB(0.5);

// Method 3: Resource-constrained
ProductionProfileGenerator gen = new ProductionProfileGenerator();
gen.setResourceVolume(100.0);         // MMboe recoverable
gen.setRecoveryFactor(0.55);
gen.setPeakRate(25000.0);
gen.setBuildUpYears(2);
gen.setPlateauYears(5);
gen.generate();

Multi-Well Drill Schedule

FieldProductionScheduler scheduler = new FieldProductionScheduler();
scheduler.setNumberOfWells(8);
scheduler.setDrillingInterval(6);      // months between wells
scheduler.setFirstOil(2027);
scheduler.setWellProductivity(4000.0); // initial boe/d/well
scheduler.setDeclineRate(0.12);        // 12%/year per well
scheduler.setFacilityCapacity(28000.0);// boe/d plateau constraint

double[][] schedule = scheduler.generateSchedule(25);
// schedule[year][0] = oil rate, [1] = gas rate, [2] = water rate

Facility Bottleneck Analysis

Identifying Constraints

BottleneckAnalyzer analyzer = new BottleneckAnalyzer(processSystem);
analyzer.setReservoirDecline(reservoirModel);
analyzer.setRateRange(10000, 60000, 5000);  // min, max, step (boe/d)

Map<String, Double> bottlenecks = analyzer.findBottlenecks();
// Returns: {"HP Separator": 35000, "Gas Compressor": 28000,
//           "Export Pump": 40000, "Water Treatment": 45000}
// Bottleneck = Gas Compressor at 28,000 boe/d

Facility Capacity Over Time

FacilityCapacity capacity = new FacilityCapacity();
capacity.setEquipment("HP Separator", 35000.0);    // boe/d
capacity.setEquipment("Gas Compressor", 28000.0);
capacity.setEquipment("Export Pump", 40000.0);
capacity.setEquipment("Water Treatment", 45000.0);

// Apply to production profile
double[] constrainedProfile = capacity.constrain(unconstrained);
String bottleneck = capacity.getActiveBottleneck(year);

Production Allocation

Multi-Field to Single Facility

ProductionAllocator allocator = new ProductionAllocator();
allocator.addField("Field A", fieldAProfile, 0.60);  // priority weight
allocator.addField("Field B", fieldBProfile, 0.30);
allocator.addField("Field C", fieldCProfile, 0.10);
allocator.setFacilityCapacity(50000.0);               // boe/d

Map<String, double[]> allocation = allocator.allocate();
// Returns constrained profiles per field

Network Optimization

Multi-Well Gathering System

NetworkSolver network = new NetworkSolver("Production Network");
network.addWell(well1, 3.0);    // well, flowline length (km)
network.addWell(well2, 5.5);
network.addWell(well3, 8.0);
network.addWell(well4, 4.2);

// Mode 1: Fixed manifold pressure → find well rates
network.setSolutionMode(SolutionMode.FIXED_MANIFOLD_PRESSURE);
network.setManifoldPressure(60.0);  // bara
NetworkResult result = network.solve();

for (String wellName : result.getWellNames()) {
    double rate = result.getWellRate(wellName);     // Sm3/d
    double whp = result.getWellheadPressure(wellName); // bara
}

// Mode 2: Fixed total rate → find required manifold pressure
network.setSolutionMode(SolutionMode.FIXED_TOTAL_RATE);
network.setTargetTotalRate(50000.0);  // Sm3/d
result = network.solve();
double requiredManifoldP = result.getManifoldPressure();

LoopedPipeNetwork (Advanced)

Full NR-GGA production network solver with IPR, chokes, tubing VLP, Beggs-Brill multiphase, compressors, artificial lift, water/sand/corrosion/emissions:

LoopedPipeNetwork net = new LoopedPipeNetwork("Gathering");
net.setFluidTemplate(gas);
net.setSolverType(LoopedPipeNetwork.SolverType.NEWTON_RAPHSON);
net.setMaxIterations(500);
net.setTolerance(500.0);

// Wells with IPR
net.addSourceNode("R1", 230.0, 0.0);
net.addJunctionNode("MF1");
net.addWellIPR("R1", "MF1", "W1", 5e-13, true);

// Artificial lift
net.setGasLift("W1", 500.0);             // kg/hr
net.setESP("W2", 80.0, 0.55);            // kW, efficiency

// Water, sand, corrosion tracking
net.setWaterCut("W1", 0.15);
net.setSandRate("W1", 3.0);              // kg/hr
net.setCorrosiveGas("trunk", 0.035, 0.002);  // CO2, H2S mol frac
net.setCorrosionModel("trunk", "NORSOK");     // NORSOK M-506

// GHG emissions
net.setCO2EmissionFactor(2.75);
net.setMethaneSlipFactor(0.02);

net.run();

// Post-run analysis
Map<String, double[]> sand = net.calculateSandTransport();
Map<String, double[]> corr = net.calculateCorrosion();
Map<String, double[]> em = net.calculateEmissions();
double annualCO2 = net.getAnnualCO2EmissionsTonnes();

See production_well_networks.md for full API documentation of all features.

Gas Lift Optimization

Single Well

GasLiftCalculator glCalc = new GasLiftCalculator();
glCalc.setWellDepth(3000.0);          // m
glCalc.setReservoirPressure(250.0);   // bara
glCalc.setProductionRate(5000.0);     // boe/d
glCalc.setGLR(500.0);                // Sm3/Sm3
glCalc.setInjectionPressure(150.0);   // bara

double optimalGLR = glCalc.calculateOptimalGLR();
double gasRate = glCalc.calculateInjectionRate();  // Sm3/d

Multi-Well Allocation

GasLiftOptimizer optimizer = new GasLiftOptimizer();
optimizer.addWell("P1", well1, glCalc1);
optimizer.addWell("P2", well2, glCalc2);
optimizer.addWell("P3", well3, glCalc3);
optimizer.setTotalGasAvailable(500000.0);  // Sm3/d field gas supply

Map<String, Double> allocation = optimizer.optimize();
// Returns optimal gas injection rate per well
double totalOilGain = optimizer.getTotalOilGain();

Scenario Analysis

Multi-Scenario Comparison

ScenarioAnalyzer scenarios = new ScenarioAnalyzer();

// Base case
scenarios.addScenario("Base", baseEngine);

// High oil price
CashFlowEngine highPrice = baseEngine.clone();
highPrice.setOilPrice(90.0);
scenarios.addScenario("High Price", highPrice);

// Low recovery
CashFlowEngine lowRecovery = baseEngine.clone();
lowRecovery.setRecoveryFactor(0.45);
scenarios.addScenario("Low Recovery", lowRecovery);

// Accelerated drilling
CashFlowEngine accelerated = baseEngine.clone();
accelerated.setDrillingInterval(3);  // 3 months vs 6
scenarios.addScenario("Accelerated", accelerated);

Map<String, CashFlowResult> results = scenarios.runAll();
scenarios.generateComparisonTable();

IOR/EOR Screening Considerations

Water Injection (Voidage Replacement)

InjectionStrategy waterInj = InjectionStrategy.waterInjection(1.0);  // VRR = 1.0
InjectionResult result = waterInj.calculateInjection(
    reservoir, oilRate, gasRate, waterRate
);
double requiredRate = result.waterInjectionRate;   // Sm3/d
double achievedVRR = result.achievedVRR;

Gas Injection

InjectionStrategy gasInj = InjectionStrategy.gasInjection(0.8);  // VRR = 0.8
// May also use produced gas reinjection

Key IOR/EOR Methods (Screening Criteria)

Emissions Tracking

EmissionsTracker emissions = new EmissionsTracker();
emissions.setProcessSystem(processSystem);
emissions.setFuelType("natural_gas");
emissions.setProductionRate(25000.0);  // boe/d

double co2Tonnes = emissions.calculateAnnualCO2();
double intensity = emissions.getCO2Intensity();  // kgCO2/boe

Detailed Emissions

DetailedEmissionsCalculator detailedCalc = new DetailedEmissionsCalculator();
detailedCalc.setGasTurbinePower(25.0);    // MW
detailedCalc.setFlareRate(5000.0);        // Sm3/d
detailedCalc.setFugitiveRate(0.001);      // fraction of throughput

Map<String, Double> breakdown = detailedCalc.calculate();
// {"turbine_CO2": ..., "flare_CO2": ..., "fugitive_CH4": ..., "total_CO2e": ...}

Energy Efficiency

EnergyEfficiencyCalculator efficiency = new EnergyEfficiencyCalculator();
efficiency.setProcessSystem(processSystem);
efficiency.setExportRate(25000.0);  // boe/d

double specificPower = efficiency.getSpecificPower();  // kW/boe
double energyEfficiency = efficiency.getEfficiency();  // %
Map<String, Double> consumers = efficiency.getPowerBreakdown();
// {"Gas Compression": 15.2, "Water Injection": 8.5, "Utilities": 3.1}

Late Life & Decommissioning

Late Life Options

Decommissioning

DecommissioningEstimator decom = new DecommissioningEstimator();
decom.setNumberOfWells(6);
decom.setWellAbandonment(true);       // P&A wells
decom.setSubseaRemoval(true);         // Remove subsea equipment
decom.setPlatformRemoval(false);      // Subsea tieback — no platform
decom.setPipelineDecommissioning(true);
decom.setWaterDepth(350.0);
decom.setRegion("Norway");

double abex = decom.estimate();       // MUSD
Map<String, Double> breakdown = decom.getBreakdown();

Common Optimization Pitfalls