ios-dev-guidelines

name: ios-dev-guidelines description: Context-aware routing to Swift/iOS development patterns, architecture, and best practices. Use when working with .swift files, ViewModels, Coordinators, refactoring, or discussing Swift/SwiftUI patterns.

iOS Development Guidelines (Smart Router)

Purpose

Context-aware routing to iOS development patterns, code style, and architecture guidelines. This skill provides critical rules and points you to comprehensive documentation.

When Auto-Activated

• Working with .swift files
• Discussing ViewModels, Coordinators, architecture
• Refactoring or formatting code
• Keywords: swift, swiftui, mvvm, async, await, refactor

🚨 CRITICAL RULES (NEVER VIOLATE)

1. NEVER trim whitespace-only lines - Preserve blank lines with spaces/tabs exactly as they appear
2. NEVER edit generated files - Files marked with // Generated using Sourcery/SwiftGen
3. NEVER use hardcoded strings in UI - Always use localization constants (Loc.*)
4. NEVER add comments unless explicitly requested
5. ALWAYS update tests and mocks when refactoring - Search for all references and update
6. Use feature flags for new features - Wrap experimental code for safe rollouts

📋 Quick Checklist

Before completing any task:

• Whitespace-only lines preserved (not trimmed)
• No hardcoded strings (use Loc constants)
• Tests and mocks updated if dependencies changed
• Generated files not edited
• Feature flags applied to new features
• No comments added (unless requested)

🎯 SwiftUI View Fundamentals (WWDC24)

SwiftUI views have three key qualities:

1. Declarative - Describe what you want, not how to build it
2. Compositional - Build complex UIs from simple building blocks
3. State-driven - UI automatically updates when state changes

Key insight: Views are VALUE TYPES (structs), not long-lived objects. They are descriptions of current UI state. Breaking views into subviews doesn't hurt performance - SwiftUI maintains efficient data structures behind the scenes.

// Declarative: describe the result, not the steps
List(pets) { pet in
    HStack {
        Text(pet.name)
        Spacer()
        Text(pet.species)
    }
}
// No need to manually add/remove rows - SwiftUI handles it

For detailed SwiftUI patterns, see swiftui-patterns-developer skill.

🎯 Common Patterns

MVVM ViewModel

@MainActor
final class ChatViewModel: ObservableObject {
    @Published var messages: [Message] = []
    @Injected(\.chatService) private var chatService

    func sendMessage(_ text: String) async {
        // Business logic here
    }
}

Coordinator

@MainActor
final class ChatCoordinator: ObservableObject {
    @Published var route: Route?

    enum Route {
        case settings
        case memberList
    }
}

Dependency Injection

extension Container {
    var chatService: Factory<ChatServiceProtocol> {
        Factory(self) { ChatService() }
    }
}

// Usage in ViewModel
@Injected(\.chatService) private var chatService

ViewModel Initialization

Keep ViewModel init() cheap - defer heavy work to .task:

// Init assigns parameters only
init(id: String) {
    _model = State(wrappedValue: ViewModel(id: id))
}

// Heavy work in .task
.task { await model.startSubscriptions() }

For expensive init, defer creation entirely:

@State private var model: ViewModel?
.task(id: id) { model = ViewModel(id: id) }

Async Button Actions

Prefer AsyncStandardButton over manual loading state management for cleaner code:

// ❌ AVOID: Manual loading state
struct MyView: View {
    @State private var isLoading = false

    var body: some View {
        StandardButton(.text("Connect"), inProgress: isLoading, style: .secondaryLarge) {
            isLoading = true
            Task {
                await viewModel.connect()
                isLoading = false
            }
        }
    }
}

// ✅ PREFERRED: AsyncStandardButton handles loading state automatically
struct MyView: View {
    var body: some View {
        AsyncStandardButton(Loc.sendMessage, style: .primaryLarge) {
            try await viewModel.onConnect()
        }
    }
}

// ViewModel can throw - errors are handled automatically
func onConnect() async throws {
    guard let identity = details?.identity, identity.isNotEmpty else { return }

    if let existingSpace = spaceViewsStorage.oneToOneSpaceView(identity: identity) {
        pageNavigation?.open(.spaceChat(SpaceChatCoordinatorData(spaceId: existingSpace.targetSpaceId)))
        return
    }

    let newSpaceId = try await workspaceService.createOneToOneSpace(oneToOneIdentity: identity)
    pageNavigation?.open(.spaceChat(SpaceChatCoordinatorData(spaceId: newSpaceId)))
}

Benefits of AsyncStandardButton:

• Manages inProgress state internally
• Shows error toast automatically on failure
• Provides haptic feedback (selection on tap, error on failure)
• Cleaner ViewModel (no @Published var isLoading needed)
• Action is async throws - use try await and let errors propagate naturally

🗂️ Project Structure

Anytype/Sources/
├── ApplicationLayer/    # App lifecycle, coordinators
├── PresentationLayer/   # UI components, ViewModels
├── ServiceLayer/        # Business logic, data services
├── Models/             # Data models, entities
└── CoreLayer/          # Core utilities, networking

🔧 Code Style Quick Reference

• Indentation: 4 spaces (no tabs)
• Naming: PascalCase (types), camelCase (variables/functions)
• Extensions: TypeName+Feature.swift
• Property order: @Published/@Injected → public → private → computed → init → methods
• Avoid nested types - Extract to top-level with descriptive names
• Enum exhaustiveness - Use explicit switch statements (enables compiler warnings)

📚 Complete Documentation

Full Guide: Anytype/Sources/IOS_DEVELOPMENT_GUIDE.md

For comprehensive coverage of:

• Detailed formatting rules
• Swift best practices (guard, @MainActor, async/await)
• Architecture patterns (MVVM, Coordinator, Repository)
• Property organization
• Common mistakes from past incidents
• Testing & mock management
• Complete code examples

🚨 Common Mistakes (Historical)

Autonomous Committing (2025-01-28)

NEVER commit without explicit user request - Committing is destructive

Wildcard File Deletion (2025-01-24)

Used rm -f .../PublishingPreview*.swift - deleted main UI component

• Always check with ls first
• Delete files individually

Incomplete Mock Updates (2025-01-16)

Refactored dependencies but forgot MockView.swift

• Search: rg "oldName" --type swift
• Update: tests, mocks, DI registrations

🔗 Related Skills & Docs

• swiftui-patterns-developer → View structure, composition, @Observable patterns
• swiftui-performance-developer → Performance auditing, view invalidation
• localization-developer → LOCALIZATION_GUIDE.md - Localization system
• code-generation-developer → CODE_GENERATION_GUIDE.md - Feature flags, make generate
• design-system-developer → DESIGN_SYSTEM_MAPPING.md - Icons, typography

Navigation: This is a smart router. For deep technical details, always refer to IOS_DEVELOPMENT_GUIDE.md.